InterviewsVector

Next.js 16 makes Turbopack the default bundler — webpack is now opt-out

The dominant React meta-framework ships its Rust-based bundler as stable for dev and production builds and flips the default: custom webpack setups now have to opt out.

What happened

Next.js 16, released 21 October 2025, promotes Turbopack — Vercel's Rust-based bundler — to stable for both `next dev` and `next build`, and makes it the default bundler for all new projects. Vercel reports up to 10× faster Fast Refresh and 2–5× faster production builds, and says over 50% of dev sessions and 20% of production builds on 15.3+ were already on Turbopack. Custom webpack setups must now opt out with `next build --webpack`. The release also stabilizes React Compiler support, adds Cache Components (a `use cache` model built on Partial Prerendering), and raises the floor to Node.js 20.9 and React 19.2.

Why it matters

The default bundler for the most-used React meta-framework has switched from webpack to a Rust-based engine — the culmination of the industry's move to native-speed tooling. For most teams the win is real (faster CI and feedback loops), but 'default' flips the burden of proof: staying on webpack is now the deliberate, documented choice, and any custom webpack config or plugin becomes a migration item.

Staff engineer take

This is a decision about the supply chain of your build, not just a speed bump. The Staff work is auditing what your webpack config actually does — loaders, plugins, aliases, custom chunking — and confirming Turbopack covers it before an upgrade forces the switch. Where it doesn't yet, `--webpack` buys time, but treat that as debt with a deadline: webpack is the path being deprecated, not invested in.

Interview connection

Your team is on Next.js and the default bundler just changed from webpack to Turbopack. How would you plan and de-risk that migration across a large application?

Probes build-system reasoning and migration risk, not framework trivia.